western civilization

Today in class we really focused on standard deviation and why certain parts of the world wake up a different times. The answer is because the sun shines at different times on different parts of the world. Time zones are areas with an established standard time. Daylight Savings time is when the clocked gets pushed forward one hour in the spring to allow more sunlight in the afternoon. Standard deviation measures the absolute variability of a distribution. Geographers calculate standard deviation by, first, find the mean of the data then, subtract the ,Eans from each data point next, take each difference and square it finally, find the variance and calculate the square root of the variance. There are 24 zones !

1. Washington 2. Oregon 3. California 4. Arizona 5. Nevada 6. Utah 7. Idaho 8. Montana 9. Wyoming 10. Colorado 11. New Mexico 12.Texas 13. Oklahoma 14. Kansas 15. Nebraska 16. South Dakota 17. North Dakota 18.Minnisota 19. Iowa 20. Missouri 21. Arkansas 22. Louisiana 23. Wisconsin 24. Michigan 25. illonois 26. India 27. Ohio 28. Kentucky 29. Tennessee 30. Mississippi 31. Alabama 32. Georgia 33. Florida 34. South Carolina 35. North Carolina 36. Virginia 37. West Virginia 38. Pennsylvania 39. New York 40.Vermont 41. New Hampshire 42. Maine 43. Massachusetts 44. Rhode Island 45. Connecticut 46. New Jersey 47. Delaware 48. Maryland 49. Alaska 50. Hawaii

Today in Human Geography we focused on Geographic grids and different vocabulary that goes along with the topic.The geographic grid is imaginary areas drawn in a grid pattern that allows us to pinpoint absolute location using latitude and longitude. Latitude is a geographic coordinate that is the north and south position on the earth. Longitude is geographic coordinates that specifies east and west . Parallels are lines of consistent latitude. Meridians connect points with the same longitude. The major significant lines of latitude and longitude are the Arctic circle, Tropic of cancer, Equator, Tropic of Capricorn and Antarctic circle. Every Map should contain elements of the the geographic grid like the equator, meridian etc. This is so if you need to find a point on the map then you can go to the points and locate it.

All maps show some elements of distortion, which is errors on a map caused from a 3D map to  flat map. There are 4 types of distortion, one is " Shape of an area can be distorted" . Another one is Relative size of different areas can be altered. Another one is direction between points can be distorted. A final one is Distance between points may be increased or decreased. A map scale is the ratio of the distance on a map corresponding to the distance on the ground. Projection is the systematic transformation of the latitudes and longitudes from the locations on the surface of the sphere onto the plane. Meridian is half of an imaginary great circle on the earths surface. Longitude is the measure of relative position east to west on the earths surface. Latitude is the measurement on a globe or map of north to south of the equator. Prime meridian is the planets line of zero degrees longitude. Parallels is the latitude lines.

1. Canada 2. Usa 3. Mexico 4.Guatemala 5. Belize 6. El Savador 7. Honduras 8. Nicaragua 9. Costa Rica 10. Panama 11. Cuba 12. Jamaica 13.Haiti 14. Dominican Republic 1.Columbia 2. Venezuela 3. Guyana 4.Suriname 5. French Guiana 6. Ecuador 7. Peru 8. Bolivia 9. Brazil 10. Paraguay 11. Chile 12. Argentina 13.Urguay

Today in class the main topic was Mental mapping. Mental mapping is a personal visualization of something, its how we view a map in our heads. We use mental maps for many reasons. 3 main reasons are , to find are way from one place to another, organizing info for future references, and its "a way to make meaning". Mental maps are different for so many people because everyone looks at the world differently in their own perspectives. In conclusion everyone has their own unique understanding of different areas and location.

Today in Human Geography the main topic was "Introduction to maps. We discussed the different types of maps . Older maps like from B.C. look different from todays maps because back then people looked differently at the world because the only way they could really explore and travel was by walking. In that conclusion, the maps will look a lot different and maybe even more detailed. Todays maps are more from a space like satelight view, since today we have more high tech. We also discussed the two different ways geographers use maps which are reference tools - to identify an objects absolute and relative location, and communication tools- to convey the distribution of human activities or physical features. A map is generally a two dimensional or flat-scale model of earths surface .

Today in Human Geography the main focus was on the relations between Human geography , geography and physical geography. What I learned was that human geography and physical geography have a lot of similarities and differences . First, they are both branches of geography, meaning they study the earth in some way. Another similarity is that both study habits and features of the world, just of different things. One difference is an obvious one , human geography studies humans and their behaviors , while physical geography studies the earths physical features like climate and their behaviors. In human Geography today I really learned about the Earths features physically , and how humans actions effect those physical features.