warring city-states
The growth of city-states in Greece led to the development of severals political systems including democracy.
polis: city-state , fundamental unit
Acropolis: fortified hilltop that citizens gathered to discuss government
monarchy: single person, king ruled a government
aristocracy: government ruled by a small group of noble families
oligarchy: government ruled by a few powerful people
tyrant : leaders who would work grr the interests of ordinary people
democracy: government " ruled by the people"
helot: peanuts forced to stay one the land the worked
phalanx: fearsome formation that became the most powerful fighting force in the ancient world
Persian wars: between Greece and Persian empire
during the dorian period, greek civilization experienced a decline. Two things changed in Greece, Dorians and Mycenaeans alike, began to identify less with the culture of their ancestors and by the end of this period the method of governing areas changed from tribal to more formal-the citystate
The idea of a representative government began in some city states like Athens. Many city-states including Athens went through power struggles between rich and poor.
The first step toward democracy was when a noble man named Draco took power in 621 B.C. and he developed a legal code based on all Athens and how hey were equal under a single law.
Solon came to pour in 591 B.C., he outlawed dept slavery and organized all Athenian citizens into 4 social class according to wealth. Only members of the top 3 classes could participate in politics but all could participate in the assembly. He also introduced a legal concept that any citizen could bring charges against wrongdoers.
In 500 B.C. cleisthenes introduced further reforms. He broke the power of noblity by organizing citizens into 10 groups based on where they lived. he increased the power of the assembly by allowing all citizens to submit laws for the debate. he also created the council five hundred which pressed laws and coubcniled the assembly.
Sons of wealthy families received education. School began around the age of 7 and they learned how to be good citizens and study basic school things. since greeks believed it would be important tp train the body, every day there was some athletic activity. as boys got older they went to military schools defend Athens. girls dint go to school but they leaner at how how to be good wives and cooks etc. Some girls leaned how to read and write.
The gulf of Corinth cut Sparta off from the rest of Greece. around 725 B.C. sprat conjured the next place to Messenia and they became the helots. Spartan government had several branches and they has assembly that included all spartan citizens and elected officials voting on major issues. there several groups in spartan army and Sparta had the strongest military from 600-371 B.C.
Since men had to serve until 60, their daily life centerd on military training. boys left home at 7 and stayed in army barracks till 30. Girls received some military training, like men they were tough that Sparta was above everything.
Danger of. helot revolt led Sparta to become a milliary state. During the dorian age only rich could afford good fighting materials so they only served in the military.
Persian wars began in Ionia on the coast of Anatolia and greeks had settled there until Persian conquered the area.
Though the Athens won the battle they stood defenseless so army leaders chose a young runner names Pheidippides to race back to Athens and he brought new of the Persian defeat so Athenians wouldn't give up the city without a fight. He dashed the 26 mile journey from marathon to Athens and then he collapsed and died. When the persons staled into the harbor they found the city heavily defeated and quietly put the sea into defeat.
ten years later Xerses assembled a massive invasion on Athens and the greeks were badly divided. Some city states did fight and others though it was wiser to just give up.
When the Persian threat ended all Greek city states felt a new sense of confidence and freedom.
polis: city-state , fundamental unit
Acropolis: fortified hilltop that citizens gathered to discuss government
monarchy: single person, king ruled a government
aristocracy: government ruled by a small group of noble families
oligarchy: government ruled by a few powerful people
tyrant : leaders who would work grr the interests of ordinary people
democracy: government " ruled by the people"
helot: peanuts forced to stay one the land the worked
phalanx: fearsome formation that became the most powerful fighting force in the ancient world
Persian wars: between Greece and Persian empire
during the dorian period, greek civilization experienced a decline. Two things changed in Greece, Dorians and Mycenaeans alike, began to identify less with the culture of their ancestors and by the end of this period the method of governing areas changed from tribal to more formal-the citystate
The idea of a representative government began in some city states like Athens. Many city-states including Athens went through power struggles between rich and poor.
The first step toward democracy was when a noble man named Draco took power in 621 B.C. and he developed a legal code based on all Athens and how hey were equal under a single law.
Solon came to pour in 591 B.C., he outlawed dept slavery and organized all Athenian citizens into 4 social class according to wealth. Only members of the top 3 classes could participate in politics but all could participate in the assembly. He also introduced a legal concept that any citizen could bring charges against wrongdoers.
In 500 B.C. cleisthenes introduced further reforms. He broke the power of noblity by organizing citizens into 10 groups based on where they lived. he increased the power of the assembly by allowing all citizens to submit laws for the debate. he also created the council five hundred which pressed laws and coubcniled the assembly.
Sons of wealthy families received education. School began around the age of 7 and they learned how to be good citizens and study basic school things. since greeks believed it would be important tp train the body, every day there was some athletic activity. as boys got older they went to military schools defend Athens. girls dint go to school but they leaner at how how to be good wives and cooks etc. Some girls leaned how to read and write.
The gulf of Corinth cut Sparta off from the rest of Greece. around 725 B.C. sprat conjured the next place to Messenia and they became the helots. Spartan government had several branches and they has assembly that included all spartan citizens and elected officials voting on major issues. there several groups in spartan army and Sparta had the strongest military from 600-371 B.C.
Since men had to serve until 60, their daily life centerd on military training. boys left home at 7 and stayed in army barracks till 30. Girls received some military training, like men they were tough that Sparta was above everything.
Danger of. helot revolt led Sparta to become a milliary state. During the dorian age only rich could afford good fighting materials so they only served in the military.
Persian wars began in Ionia on the coast of Anatolia and greeks had settled there until Persian conquered the area.
Though the Athens won the battle they stood defenseless so army leaders chose a young runner names Pheidippides to race back to Athens and he brought new of the Persian defeat so Athenians wouldn't give up the city without a fight. He dashed the 26 mile journey from marathon to Athens and then he collapsed and died. When the persons staled into the harbor they found the city heavily defeated and quietly put the sea into defeat.
ten years later Xerses assembled a massive invasion on Athens and the greeks were badly divided. Some city states did fight and others though it was wiser to just give up.
When the Persian threat ended all Greek city states felt a new sense of confidence and freedom.
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