western civilization

A letter to my future self Dear Gabriella Fernanda Steck, Freshman year was not what we expected it to be. I became close with people I never thought I would. I didn't talk as much to people that I thought I would be close with. The work wasn't as bad as we thought. Most of all, the year didn't end how we expected it to end. In march 2020 schools shut down because of coronavirus. I remember the exact day too, it was Friday the 13th, I was outside running track and someone on track said they just heard the news that schools would be shut down or 2 weeks. It all started with 2 weeks, then it was another 2 weeks, then a month, and before we knew it our freshman year was over. The coronavirus has effected me. I haven't gotten the virus but I am petrified that will. The main reason I am scared to get it is because my grandfather had heart disease, diabetes, and he smokes. I wouldn't want to get it and then give it to him because I live with him. Seeing people in gro...

Octavian takes over after Julius teaser at the age elf 18. He was Julius's grandnephew! Octavian forms his own triumvirate, this is the second one. One of Octavian's allies turn on him and they become rivals, mark Anthony. Mark teams up with Cleopatra and Octavian defeats them.  People then saw Octavian as "unchallenged" and he was given the name "Augustus" also know as  exalted one. At that point Rome was an empire, not a republic. He ran as an emperor  for 40 years, and he began  Pax Romana. After all of his great accomplishments, Octavian eventually died of natural causes. After Octavian, emperors starts to rule. Some of them were good and some were horrific. Then Tiberus started to rule, he was a great general but he wasn't as great as emperor. HE eventually exiled himself from Rome after his son died. Then Caligula ruled, he was cruel and was assented because the people wanted to make the republic again, but that failed. Then it was Claudius, he mig...

I will be taking my test on June 2 from 8:55-9:45. The plebs (also known as the plebeians) were the poor class in Ancient Rome. They didmd have a great life but 2 things kept them satisfied, circuses for entertainment and and bread. Julius Caesar was a great ruler in Rome. He was an amazing general as well. Julius made people happy and satisfied. He formed the first Triumvirate with 2 other high class men. Julius had a great success when he conquered Gaul. He conquered them because his soldiers respected him and were loyal and determined. For a year, Julius served as consul and eventually is governor of Gaul.  Pompey because very jealous and threatened by him so they fight and Ceaser wins. Then he becomes dictator first for a few months and then for life. As time goes on Julius creates a few reforms. He created jobs for the poor, in provinces he granted citizenship, increased pay for soldiers and started colonies where those without land could own property. Ceaser died by an assa...

for my essay I will being answering "Analyze the factors that contributed to the fall of the Roman Republic." I am answering this question because I feel as if there will be a lot to write about considering so many events to have to do with the fall of the Roman Republic.

The Roman empire had a great impact on roman society in many ways. Civil war: conflict between groups of the same country. Julius Ceaser: A well known military leader triumvirate: A group of three rulers. Augustus: Octavian, the unchallenged ruler of Rome. Pax Romana: Roman peace What lead the Roman empire to begin was because of the hardships Rome was facing because of Rome's increasing wealth and expanding boundaries. The conflict between the rich and the poor started to grow more around this time of the empire. Thus because the rich started owning estates and the poor worked on them. Farmers started to become homeless because they couldn't keep up with their land like the wealthy were. Gaius and Tiberius tried to help put Rome's poor by creating some reforms. Generals began to seize power for themselves as the republic grew. This wasn't good because they replaces the loyal solders that were in the military with poor people. Julius Ceaser started to rule with ...

The Punic wars: how,where,why and who. The Punic wars were fought against Rome and Carthage. They were mainly fought in Rome. They were fought from 264- 146 B.C. There were 3 of them. The first was from 264-241 B.C. and it was fought mainly a sea, Rome won! The second Punic war was from 218-201 B.C. Carthage attacks Rome from the north. Carthage could seize the peninsula for 15 years but not once got to Rome. The third and last Punic war was fought from 149-146 B.C. Rome wanted to get rid of the threat from Carthage so they burned the walls for 17 days and everything was destroyed. Rome won the wars and the last 50,000 people in Carthage became slaves. The Romans worked long and hard for their victory. The wars were mainly to establish control, they were over dispute etc. Rome will always be remeebr for fighting for 23 years and winning.

The story of Tarquin was so horrible that it made Rome not want to have a king ever again. The city was traumatized by all the horrible things Tarquin and his family had done. Tarquins wife had killed her ex husband and Tarquins ex wife just so she could be with Tarquin, Tarquins son tried to rape and women and he did by blackmailing her, Tarquin and his wife tried to throw out Tarquins wife father in ruling and they did and associated him. Tarquin did so many nasty things and he should've never became king. The structure of the Rome government was two consuls, that replaced the ruling of kings. Consuls were elected for one year and they were always patricians. They had to make laws, command the army, etc. Later on the plebian tried t challenge the patricians ruling and the plebs were most of the population but they had no legal rights. Eve though they had no written rights, Rome never had actual written laws, patricians just took advantage of the power they had. Therefore the pl...

Many different groups of people settled Rome, but the Latins were the first. They settled on the banks of the Tiber. The Etruscans were the people who were from the north central park of the land and they settled Rome. Along with those people the Greeks also settled Rome and Romans had borrowed many things and beliefs from the Greeks as well. The Tiber river was very important to Romans. Many streams flowed into it. The seventh and last king of Rome was Lucius Tarquinius. Tarquin seized power as an old school tyrant. If I'm understanding this story, Tarquins father dies and his wife ( whos not his mom) daughters marries two sons and one was Tarquin. The daughter he didn't marry kills her husband and Tarquins wife so she can have him all to herself. Tuillia influences him to seize power of her own father and does. Tarquin  throws her father into the streets because he objects this. He was then assassinated and tarquin was the ruler. Later on Tarquin has a son who got drunk and t...

Rome by Chi Cago was a very interesting thing to listen to. What I loved about it was the music choice because "low" is always a great song. Another thing I loved about it is how creative the lyrics were and how funny it was. Another thing I loved was how real the song sounded. It sounded like a real song that I would hear on the radio. The best part of it all was hearing Mr. Schicks voice in the beginning of the song because I wasn't sure if it was going to sound like him, but it did for sure. Rome by Chi Cago was an amazing song that I so wish that I could've watched/listened to in real life class.

The Twelve Tables were a set of laws written on 12 bronze tablets that were created in Ancient Rome just like the 12 tables were. They were created in 450-451 BCE. The laws reflected the rule aspects of the people it applied to. The laws had things like punishments, death sentences, the way places should look etc. The laws are on bronze so they will forever be there but they used to be on wooden tablets. Most romans memorized the laws which was beneficial to them. Over the years more laws were added to the tables that benefited ancient Rome. The plebeians in Rome actually create the tables which is weird since they were about of the lower social class. The laws were based on traditional values, beliefs etc. They 12 tables had a create impact on ancient Rome and are a great example of law and order.

The Roman Forum was a very famous architectural man-made building in ancient Rome. The roman Forum was used for many purposes such as public meeting, law courts, open-air markets and gladiatorial combats in republican times. It is a forum in a rectangle shape with many important ancient Rome government buildings ruins in the center of the city Rome around it. What made the forum the most important was that it held the senate house in ancient Rome. Before the Forum was built, the land was very marshy and farm like. Another very important role that the Roman Forum played was that it was where the center of administration and politics were. This means this is where the senate and other highly positioned romans could meet and discuss politics and make decisions for the city. It was also a place where the people of the city would come to hear these decisions.

There were many differences between the patricians and the Plebeians in ancient days. One of the main differences between the two which is how most people tell them apart is that the plebeians are lower class citizens and the Patricians are upper-class citizens. This means that the Plebeians are the more poor people and the Patricians are the more wealthy with many more rights. The Plebeians had barely any rights because of how poor they were. The Plebeians made up most of the population. Other differences that still have to do with the rich and poor role is that the patrician's could become senators and emperors but the plebeians could not. The patricians and the Plebians were orginated from Ancient rome but they were the same and had the same rules in ancient Greece.

Republic- Is a form of government that where power rests with citizens who have a right to vote for their leaders.  Patrician- wealthy land owners who held most power  Plebeian- the common farmers, merchants and aristans who made up the majority of the population  Tribune- protected the rights of the  plebeians from unfair acts of patron officials.  Consul- They were like kings and they commanded the army and directed the government.  Senate- aristocrat branch of romes  government. Dictator- A leader who had absolute power to make laws and command the  army. Legion- Large military groups were  soldiers gathered. Punic  Wars- Rome and Carthage fought 3 wars between 264 and 146 b.c. Hannibal- Brilliant military strategist who wants to avenge Carthage's early defeat.

" My essay question would be this: Who was Alexander and how was his relationship with his horse Bucephalus special? In the first paragraph, this essay would mention who Alexander was and what he did. Alexander the great was king of macedon after his father and he was the start of the hellenistic age. The next paragraph would talk about the background of his horse Bucephalus and how Alexander changed him. Before Alexander, Bucephalus was an untamed horse who was very hard to ride and was very bad. After  Alexander won him at an auction he was the only person able to ride him and tame him. the next paragraph would talk about all of Bucephalus and alexanders accomplishments together. Alexander used Bucephalus in every battle from the conquest of the Greek city-states and Thebes through the battle of Gaugamela and into India. In the final paragraph I will talk about Bucephalus death and how Alexander named a horse after him. I will also talk about how they both made history.

Quiz questions 1. What is the parthenon? Answer: The Pantheon is supposedly one of the most important buildings of classical Greece. The Pantheon was made based of the Doric order, which was a popular way to make buildings in Ancient Greece.  2. Who was the father of Philip the second? A. Alexander the great B. Charles V C. Darius the third D.  King Neoptolemus. Answer: B. Charles V. 3. What are the 3 groups of people in PLAto's ideal society? Answer: Producers, military and rulers. 4.  What were the 3 types of plays in Ancient Greece? Answer: Tradgedys, comedys, satyr plays. 5. Who was the god of the sea? A. Poseidon B. Zeus C. Apollo D. Dionysus Answer: A. Posiedon

1. Forms are the ideal concepts of the things we see around us. They act as a guide for our modern world. Plato thought that forms were very important and philosophers should study these," perfect forms." 2. In Platos ideal society, the 3 groups are the producers, military and the rulers. He created a noble lie to try and make everyone follow these 3 groups. 3. In his modern city, Plato believed that women should be able to rule. Plato thought that a women womb was like a live animal since it could go about in her body and cause sickness. Plato was, " very inconsistent with women." 4. He created a noble lie so that everyone would follow his 3 groups in his ideal society. His lie was that everyone is born with silver, gold, brass and iron and these things determine our roles in life.

Poem of the gods Greek gods are very powerful. They can be very unique and colorful. They live forever, they are eternal. The gods rule the world. Don't take them as a joke, you won't see them at Disney-world. Never mess with a Greek god for it would be a mistake. Gods like Zeus could hit you with a lighting bolt and give you a great ache. Gods have special abilities that humans do not. They can light a building on fire, that would be very hot. Poseidon is the god of the sea. Hera is the goddess of family. Goddesses are powerful too. They are just likes the gods, you won't find them in some zoo. Take my advice, have respect for the gods. For they aren't weak, they dont run in pods.

The Parthenon:   The Pantheon is supposedly one of the most important buildings of classical Greece. The Pantheon was made based of the Doric order, which was a popular way to make buildings in Ancient Greece. The Parthenon was a building dedicated to the goddess of Athens, Athena. Before that it was a former Athenian Acropolis. As the Athenian empire was at its peak in 447 BCE that's when the construction started on this building. Some of the design of this building also belongs to the Ionic order. The Ionic order: People identified the Ionic order by its vaulted capital. There are some similarities between the Doric design and the Ionic design such that The cushion placed on top of the column is shaped like the Doric order. In Ionic order, columns are very narrow with shallow flutes that do not make a sharp edge, but have a flat band between them.

1.  " The ancient greeks took drama very seriously and used drama as a way of investigating the world." There was 3 types of dramas, comedy, satyr plays, and tragedy which is one of the most important. Comedy represents laughter and people saying comical things, while there is usually no pain or distater. Satyr plays were kind of a mix between tragedy and comedy.They featured satyrs which involved greek mythology. They involved pranks, merriment, drunkenness etc. Finally, tragedys dealt with love, pride, death etc.A big part of tragedy also had to do with the anxious relationship between men and gods. 2.b. The plays that are most similar between Ancient Greece and present time plays are tragedies. Between today and in Ancient Greece, tragedys involve some sort of " tragic" issue whether its love, death, crime etc. A recent film I watched was called Harriet, and it was a tragedy. Harriet was a slave who escaped and help others escape to freedom. There was love, dea...

COVID-19 has surely brought a change to the entire world! Students and teachers are facing new challenges such as, being more independent with work, having more work, not being able to get feedback, having to stress over the amount of work someone gives us or we have to do etc. Cyber school is different to some classes, especially class of 2020, but most likely not teachers who have worked at JC a while. From what I've been told, there have been cyber days when we've had off school for snow, but not nearly as long of a break like this. Students have new responsibilities like waking up at a decent time so they don't ruin their sleep schedule, getting all their work done inn a good bout of time so they aren't stressed, not plagiarizing or cheating so they don't go against the honor pledge etc. Students really need to get done time management. Teachers have new responsibilities and goals too like giving enough work where they are able to grade it in a decent time, actu...